Machu Picchu is one of South America's most iconic sites, as well as an important part of Peruvian history and culture. Machu Picchu, located in the Andes Mountains, is a 15th-century Inca citadel that attracts thousands of visitors each year. The location is well-known for its breathtaking views, impressive engineering, and enigmatic history. In this blog post, we'll look at Machu Picchu's fascinating history and why it's such an important part of Peru's cultural heritage.
The Inca civilization
Let's take a quick look at the Inca civilization before we get into the history of Machu Picchu. The Inca were a pre-Columbian civilization that ruled much of South America between the 13th and 16th centuries. They were known for their impressive architecture, engineering, and agriculture, as well as the development of a road system and a distinct writing style.
Machu Picchu's discovery
The Incas built Machu Picchu in the mid-15th century and abandoned it just over a century later during the Spanish conquest of South America. For many years, the site was hidden from the outside world, hidden beneath dense jungle and forgotten by the locals.
Machu Picchu was rediscovered in 1911 by American explorer Hiram Bingham. While looking for the legendary lost city of Vilcabamba, Bingham came across the ruins. The discovery of the ancient citadel, hidden away in the mountains, was a breathtaking discovery that captured the imagination of the entire world.
The purpose of Machu Picchu
The purpose of Machu Picchu has long been a source of contention. Some scholars believe it was a royal retreat or sacred site, whereas others believe it was a military outpost or regional administrative center. There are also theories that it was an astronomical observatory or even a university for Inca nobility.
The truth is that we may never know what Machu Picchu was built for. The Inca abandoned the site, which was left to decay until its rediscovery in the twentieth century. Because many of the structures were damaged or destroyed by natural disasters, we must rely on archaeological evidence and speculation to piece together their history.
Machu Picchu's architecture
The architecture of Machu Picchu is one of its most impressive features. The Incas were known for their skilled stonework, and Machu Picchu is a prime example of their engineering prowess. The site is built on a steep incline, with terraces, walls, and buildings that blend in with the natural landscape.
The stones used in the construction of Machu Picchu are engineering marvels. They were cut to perfectly fit together without the use of mortar, and the joints are so tight that a knife blade cannot fit between them. The stones were also shaped to fit the mountain's contours, creating a seamless connection between the site and its surroundings.
Machu Picchu's Future
Machu Picchu is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of South America's most popular tourist destinations. The site, however, is facing a number of issues, including overcrowding and environmental degradation. In recent years, the Peruvian government has implemented measures to limit visitor numbers, regulate tourism, and protect the environment.
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